Practical steps for pollinator habitat in almond orchards: layout, cover crops, spray stewardship, operations, and the documentation buyers now require.

Ukraine may become a near-Europe almond origin, but 2026–2030 is mainly pilots and validation. What EU buyers should track on risk, quality, and compliance.

What the Viterbo hazelnut trial with Anastatus bifasciatus suggests for BMSB IPM, kernel defect reduction, and low-residue compliance.

Synthetic seed in hazelnuts could shift clonal plant supply from stool beds to labs, changing lead times, certification needs, and orchard establishment risk.